Te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakarewa ranu laser-arc kaha-teitei i roto i ngā mara matua

01 Te whakarewa ranu pereti matotoru me te pewa taiaho

He mea nui te whakarewa pereti matotoru (matotoru ≥ 20mm) i roto i te hanga taputapu nui i roto i ngā mara nui pēnei i te rererangi, te whakatere me te hanga kaipuke, te kawe tereina, me ētahi atu. Ko te nuinga o ēnei wāhanga he matotoru nui, he uaua ngā hononga, me ngā taiao ratonga uaua. He pānga tika te kounga whakarewa ki te mahi me te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu. Nā te puhoi o te whakarewa me ngā raruraru nui o te ruirui, ka pāngia te tikanga whakarewa hau tuku iho e ngā wero pēnei i te iti o te pai o te whakarewa, te nui o te whakapaunga pūngao, me te nui o te ahotea toenga, ka uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga hanga e piki haere tonu ana. Heoi, he rerekē te hangarau whakarewa ranu laser-arc i te hangarau whakarewa tuku iho. Ka whakakotahi angitu i ngā painga owhakarewa laserme te whakarewa pewa, ā, he āhuatanga anō hoki o te hohonutanga nui o te werohanga, te tere whakarewa tere, te whai huatanga teitei me te kounga whakarewa pai ake, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 1. Nō reira, kua aro nui te marea ki tēnei hangarau, ā, kua tīmata te whakamahi i roto i ētahi wāhanga matua.

Ahua 1 Te mātāpono o te whakarewa ranu laser-arc

02Rangahau mō te whakarewa ranu laser-arc o ngā pereti matotoru

I rangahauhia e te Norwegian Institute of Industrial Technology me te Lule University of Technology i Sweden te hanganga ōrite o ngā hononga whakarewa hiato i raro i te 15kW mō te maitai iti-koranu kaha-teitei 45mm te matotoru. I whakamahia e te Whare Wānanga o Osaka me te Central Metallurgical Research Institute o Ihipa he taiaho muka 20kW hei whakahaere rangahau mō te tukanga whakarewa ranu taiaho-pere kotahi-haerenga o ngā pereti matotoru (25mm), mā te whakamahi i te raina raro hei whakaoti rapanga o te piko raro. I whakamahia e te Danish Force Technology Company e rua ngā taiaho kōpae 16 kW i roto i te raupapa hei whakahaere rangahau mō te whakarewa ranu o ngā pereti maitai matotoru 40mm i te 32 kW, e tohu ana ko te whakarewa taiaho-pere kaha-teitei e tumanakohia ana ka whakamahia i roto i te whakarewa turanga pourewa hau moana, e whakaatuhia ana i te Pikitia 2. Ko Harbin Welding Co., Ltd. te tuatahi o te whenua ki te matatau i te hangarau matua me te hangarau whakauru taputapu o te whakarewa pūtake wera ranu taiaho-rewa hiko taiaho totoka kaha-teitei. Koinei te wā tuatahi ki te whakamahi angitu i te hangarau me ngā taputapu whakarewa hiko pewa rewa totoka-rua-waea totoka kaha-teitei ki ngā taputapu kounga teitei o tōku whenua.

Pikitia 2. Hoahoa tahora tāutanga taiaho

E ai ki te āhua rangahau o nāianei mō te whakarewa ranu laser-arc o ngā pereti matotoru i te kāinga me tāwāhi, ka kitea ko te whakakotahitanga o te tikanga whakarewa ranu laser-arc me te awaawa āputa whaiti ka taea te whakatutuki i te whakarewa o ngā pereti matotoru. Ina piki te mana laser ki te neke atu i te 10,000 watts, i raro i te hihi o te laser kaha-teitei, ka puta te whanonga mimiti o te rauemi, te tukanga taunekeneke i waenga i te laser me te plasma, te āhua pumau o te rere o te puna rewa, te tikanga whakawhiti wera, me te whanonga whakarewa o te whakarewa. Ka puta ngā huringa ki ngā taumata rerekē. I te pikinga o te mana ki te neke atu i te 10,000 watts, ka kaha ake te pikinga o te mātotoru mana i te taumata mimiti i te rohe e tata ana ki te kōhao iti, ā, ka pā tika te kaha hokihoki ki te pumau o te kōhao iti me te rere o te puna rewa, ka pā ki te tukanga whakarewa. He pānga nui ngā huringa ki te whakatinanatanga o te laser me ōna tukanga whakarewa hiato. Ko ēnei āhuatanga āhuatanga i roto i te tukanga whakarewa e whakaata tika ana, ā-kore rānei i te pumau o te tukanga whakarewa ki tētahi taumata, ā, ka taea hoki te whakatau i te kounga o te whakarewa. Mā te pānga hononga o ngā pūtake wera e rua o te taiaho me te pewa ka taea e ngā pūtake wera e rua te whakamahi katoa i ō rāua ake āhuatanga, ā, ka whiwhi i ngā pānga whakarewa pai ake i te whakarewa taiaho kotahi me te whakarewa pewa. Ki te whakatauritea ki te tikanga whakarewa taiaho aunoa, he painga tēnei tikanga whakarewa o te kaha urutau āputa me te matotoru nui ka taea te whakarewa. Ki te whakatauritea ki te tikanga whakarewa whakakī waea taiaho āputa whaiti o ngā pereti matotoru, he painga o te pai o te rewa waea me te pānga whakakotahi awaawa pai. Hei tāpiri, mā te kukume o te taiaho ki te pewa ka whakarei ake i te pumau o te pewa, ka tere ake te whakarewa ranu taiaho-pewa i te whakarewa pewa tuku iho, ā,whakarewa waea whakakī taiaho, me te tino pai o te mahi whakarewa.

03 Te tono whakarewa ranu laser-arc kaha-teitei

He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakarewa ranu laser-arc kaha-teitei i roto i te umanga hanga kaipuke. Kua whakatūria e Meyer Shipyard i Tiamana tētahi raina whakaputa whakarewa ranu laser-arc CO2 12kW mō te whakarewa i ngā pereti papatahi me ngā whakakaha o te anga waka kia tutuki ai te hanganga o ngā whakarewanga porowhita 20m te roa i te wā kotahi, me te whakaiti i te nekehanga o te whakarerekētanga mā te 2/3. I whakawhanakehia e GE tētahi pūnaha whakarewa ranu laser-arc muka me te mana putanga mōrahi o te 20kW hei whakarewa i te waka rererangi USS Saratoga, e penapena ana i te 800 tana o te konganuku whakarewa me te whakaiti i ngā hāora tangata mā te 80%, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 3. Kei te CSSC 725 tētahi pūnaha whakarewa ranu laser-arc kaha-teitei 20kW muka laser, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakarerekētanga o te whakarewa mā te 60% me te whakanui ake i te pai o te whakarewa mā te 300%. Kei te whakamahi a Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipyard i tētahi pūnaha whakarewa ranu laser-arc kaha-teitei 16kW muka laser. E whakamahi ana te raina whakaputa i tētahi hangarau tukanga hou o te whakarewa ranu taiaho me te whakarewa MAG hei whakatutuki i te whakarewa kotahi-taha me te hanga taha-rua o ngā pereti maitai matotoru 4-25mm. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakarewa ranu taiaho-āwhata kaha-teitei i roto i ngā waka tauā. Ko ōna āhuatanga whakarewa ko: te whakarewa i ngā hanganga whakarewa matatini matotoru nui, te utu iti, me te hanga tino pai.

Pikitia 3. Te kaipuke rererangi USS Sara Toga

Kua whakamahia tuatahitia te hangarau whakarewa ranu taiaho-āwhata kaha-teitei i roto i ētahi mara ahumahi, ā, ka waiho hei huarahi nui mō te hanga pai o ngā hanganga nui me ngā matotoru pakitara reo-rahi. I tēnei wā, kāore he rangahau mō te tikanga o te whakarewa ranu taiaho-āwhata kaha-teitei, me whakapakari ake, pērā i te taunekeneke i waenga i te photoplasma me te awhata me te taunekeneke i waenga i te awhata me te puna rewa. He maha tonu ngā raruraru kāore anō kia whakatauhia i roto i te tukanga whakarewa ranu taiaho-āwhata kaha-teitei, pērā i te matapihi tukanga whaiti, ngā āhuatanga miihini kore taurite o te hanganga whakarewa, me te whakahaere kounga whakarewa uaua. I te piki haere o te mana putanga o ngā taiaho taumata ahumahi, ka tere te whanaketanga o te hangarau whakarewa ranu taiaho-āwhata kaha-teitei, ā, ka puta tonu mai he maha o ngā hangarau whakarewa ranu taiaho hou. Ko te rohe, te tauine nui me te mohiotanga ka waiho hei au nui i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu whakarewa taiaho kaha-teitei a muri ake nei.