Ngā Taputapu Taiaho
E toru ngā wāhanga o ngā taputapu taiaho: ngā mīhini tohu taiaho, ngā mīhini whakarewa taiaho, me ngā mīhini tapahi taiaho. Kei roto i ngā mīhini tohu taiaho haurua-ira, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho CO2, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho muka, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet, me ētahi atu; i tēnei wā, kei roto i ngā mīhini whakarewa taiaho ngā mīhini whakarewa taiaho aunoa YAG me ngā mīhini whakarewa taiaho aunoa tuku muka-whatu, me ētahi atu; kei roto i ngā mīhini tapahi taiaho ngā mīhini tapahi taiaho YAG me ngā mīhini tapahi taiaho muka, me ētahi atu.
Ihirangi Taketake
He maha ngā momongā mīhini tohu taiahoE ai ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o ngā taiaho, ka taea te wehewehe whānuitia ki ngā mīhini tohu taiaho muka, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho waro hauhā, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho haurua-ira, ngā mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet, me ngā mīhini tohu taiaho matomato. I roto i ēnei, ka whakamahia ngā taiaho muka, hauhā waro, haurua-ira, me te ultraviolet hei tukatuka i te mata o ngā hua, ko ngā taiaho matomato ia ka whakamahia hei tohu i te roto o ngā hua karāhe me te tioata, nō reira ka kiia hoki ngā taiaho matomato he mīhini whakairo ā-roto. Ka taea te tukatuka i ngā hua o ngā momo katoa (ngā konganuku, ngā rakau, ngā rauemi wai-ātete, ngā rauemi ātete ahi, me ngā rauemi whenua) ki ngā mīhini tohu taiaho!
Mīhini Taiaho YAG
He taiaho totoka te taiaho YAG, he roangaru 1.064um i roto i te awhi pūwhero. E whakamahia ana he rama krypton hei pūtake pūngao (pūtake whakaoho) me te ND:YAG (taiaho Nd:YAG; Nd (neodymium) he huānga whenua onge, ko te YAG he tohu mō te yttrium konumohe karāneti, ko tōna hanganga karaihe he rite ki te rupi) hei reo mō te whakaputa taiaho. Ka tukuna e te pūtake whakaoho te mārama taunga mai o tētahi roangaru motuhake, ka akiaki i te matū mahi kia tutuki te hurihanga taupori, ka tukuna te taiaho mā te whakawhiti taumata pūngao, ka whakanui i te pūngao taiaho, ka hanga me te arotahi hei hanga i tētahi hihi taiaho ka taea te whakamahi.
Mīhini Reiti Ā-Haumaru
Ka whakamahia e te mīhini tohu taiaho haurua-whakahaere he taiode taiaho haurua-whakahaere me te roanga ngaru o te 0.808um (taha, pito rānei) hei pupuhi i te reo Nd:YAG, kia puta ai he maha o ngā matūriki hurihuri i te reo, ka hanga he putanga taiaho nui me te roanga ngaru o te 1.064um i raro i te mahi a te pana-Q, me te pai o te huringa hiko-whatu. Ki te whakatauritea ki te mīhini tohu taiaho YAG e pupuhi ana i te rama, he pai ake te pumau o te mīhini tohu taiaho haurua-whakahaere, he penapena hiko, kāore he take ki te whakakapi rama, me ētahi atu, engari he teitei ake te utu.
Mīhini Tohu Taiaho Muka
E toru ngā wāhanga matua o tēnei mīhini: te rēseri, te matawai galvanometer, me te kāri tohu. He mīhini tohu tēnei e whakamahi ana i te rēseri muka hei whakaputa rēseri. He pai te kounga o te hihi, he 1064nm te pokapū putanga, ā, ko te roanga o te mahi a te mīhini katoa he 100,000 hāora, he roa ake tēnei i ētahi atu momo mīhini tohu rēseri. Neke atu i te 28% te pai o te hurihanga hiko-whatu, he painga nui tēnei ki te whakataurite ki te pai o te hurihanga 2%-10% o ētahi atu momo mīhini tohu rēseri, ā, he tino pai te mahi i roto i te tiaki pūngao me te tiaki taiao.
Mīhini Tohu Taiaho CO2
He taiaho hau te taiaho CO2, he 10.64um te roanga ngaru i roto i te awhe infra-tawhiti tawhiti. Ka whakamahia e ia te hau CO2 kua whakakīia ki roto i te ngongo tuku hei reo whakaputa taiaho. Ina whakamahia he ngaohiko teitei ki ngā irahiko, ka puta he tukunga kanapa i roto i te ngongo tuku, ka taea ai e ngā ngota hau te tuku taiaho. I muri i te whakanui ake i te kaha o te taiaho, ka hangaia he hihi taiaho hei tukatuka rauemi.
Mīhini Tohu Taiaho Ultraviolet
Kei roto i te mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet he taiaho ultraviolet hohonu, he pūnaha galvanometer matawai tere-teitei kawemai, me ētahi atu; nā te iti rawa o te wāhi arotahi o te mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet me te rohe wera iti i te wā tukatuka, ka taea e te mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet te mahi tohu tino-pai me te tohu rauemi motuhake. Koinei te hua e pai ana ki ngā kaihoko he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te pānga tohu. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te mīhini tohu taiaho ultraviolet ko te tere tahuri hiko-whatu teitei, te roa o te ora ratonga o te karaihe kore-raina, te mahi pumau o te mīhini katoa, te tika o te tūnga, te pai o te mahi, me te hoahoa modular mō te tāutanga me te tiaki ngāwari. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakarite i tētahi papa mahi aunoa rua-ahu hei whakatutuki i te tohu tonu maha-teihana, te tohu whakatakotoranga-rahi rānei.
Mīhini Tohu Kāneti Konumohe Yttrium
He totoka te rauemi hohe, ā, ka tukuna e te taiaho ngā ngaru mārama o te 1060nm e tata ana ki te rohe pūwhero. E rua ngā momo:momo pene tonu me te momo pene māramaMā te whakarerekē i te kaha putanga, ka taea te whiwhi i ngā hihi laser o ngā kaha rerekē. Kei roto i ngā tukanga tohu ko te tikanga tunu (tohu pōuri), te tikanga pahuka (tohu mārama) me te tikanga tango (tohu whakairo), me te kounga tohu tino pai.
Mīhini Tohu Excimer
Ka taea e ia te tuku i ngā ngaru mārama i te awhe ultraviolet (100～400nm), ā, ko te mea hohe he ranunga o te helium, te argon, te krypton, ngā hau neon me ngā halogens pērā i te chlorine, te fluorine, te bromine, me te iodine.
Mīhini Tohu Taiaho Kakariki
He rerekē te mīhini tohu taiaho matomato i te mīhini tohu taiaho mutunga-haurua, ā, he mārama ngā painga: te putanga taiaho matomato 532nm, he iti ake te diameter o te ira arotahi, he kaha ake te kukū, he pai te pai o te huringa hiko-whatu, me te kounga pai o te hihi. He pai te tiaki o te mīhini katoa me te whakahaere tohu watea, ka whakamahi i te mana whakahaere kaupapa PLC hei whakatutuki i te tīmatanga kotahi-kī. He pai ake te taputapu mō te whakairo mata o ngā hua karāhe, pērā i ngā mata waea pūkoro, ngā mata LCD, ngā taputapu whatu (pērā i ngā arotahi whatu), te karāhe motuka, me ētahi atu. I te wa ano, ka taea te whakamahi ki te tukatuka mata o te nuinga o ngā rauemi whakarewa me te kore-whakarewa, te tukatuka rānei i ngā kiriata paninga, pērā i ngā taputapu, ngā uku, ngā karāhe me ngā karaka, te PC, ngā taputapu hiko, ngā taputapu rerekē, ngā papa PCB me ngā papa whakahaere, ngā papa ingoa me ngā papa whakaatu, ngā kirihou, me ētahi atu. He tino teitei te mahi utu ki te whakataurite ki ngā hua rite. He nui ake te utu.
Ko te tapahi rēseri ko te hurihanga o te hihi rēseri whakapae e tukuna ana e te rēseri hei hihi rēseri poutū ki raro mā roto i te whakaata whakaata katoa 45°, kātahi ka arotahihia e te arotahi, ka whakakotahi ki tētahi wāhi iti rawa i te pūwāhi arotahi. Ko te kaha o te rēseri e arotahihia ana ki te wāhi e 10^6~10^9W/cm^2 te teitei. Ka whitia te mahi i tōna pūwāhi arotahi e te wāhi rēseri me te kaha nui, ka puta he pāmahana teitei o te rohe neke atu i te 10000°C, ka mimiti tonu te mahi. Kātahi ka pupuhihia te konganuku mimiti ki te hau tapahi āwhina, kia tapahia ai te mahi ki roto i tētahi kōhao iti rawa. Mā te nekehanga o te mīhini CNC, ka honoa ngā kōhao iti maha hei hanga i te āhua e hiahiatia ana. Nā te auau teitei o te tapahi rēseri, he tino maeneene te hononga o ia kōhao iti, ā, he pai te mutunga o ngā hua tapahi.
Ka whakamahia e te whakarewa reera ngā pāoro reera kaha-teitei hei whakamahana i ngā rauemi i roto i tētahi wāhi iti. Ka horapa te kaha o te hihi reera ki roto i ngā rauemi mā te kawe wera, ka whakarewa i ngā rauemi hei hanga i tētahi puna rewa motuhake. He momo tikanga whakarewa hou tēnei, ko te nuinga mō te whakarewa i ngā rauemi angiangi me ngā wāhanga tino tika. Ka taea te whakamahi i te whakarewa ira, te whakarewa papa, te whakarewa takai, te whakarewa hiri, me ētahi atu, me te ōwehenga hohonu-ki-te-whānui teitei, te whānui whakarewa iti, te rohe wera iti, te iti o te whakarerekētanga, te tere whakarewa tere, te hononga whakarewa papatahi me te ataahua, kāore e hiahiatia he maimoatanga muri-whakarewa, he maimoatanga ngāwari noa iho rānei, he kounga whakarewa teitei, kāore he pūwero, he whakahaere tika, he iti te arotahi o te mārama, he tika te tūnga, me te ngāwari o te whakatinanatanga aunoa.
Te Tiaki Taputapu Taiaho
1. Horoia ngā karāhe, ngā ara ārahi, me te horoi i ngā paru i runga i te tēpu mahi i ia rā; Tikanga mō te horoi i ngā karāhe: I te wā e horoi ana i ngā karāhe, me whakamahi e koe te etanoru kore wai, te waipiro 98% rānei hei wai horoi. Tōia he iti o te miro mimiti ki roto i te waipiro, ka murua mārire ngā karāhe i te ahunga pumau, ā, hei whakamutunga, murua mārire ngā karāhe ki te miro maroke kia kanapa, kia mārama hoki ngā karāhe; (Tuhipoka: Ki te murua rawatia, ka murua pea te paninga o ngā karāhe, ka kino ai ngā karāhe)
Tikanga horoi i ngā ara ārahi: Tuatahi, tangohia ngā paru me ngā para tukatuka i runga i ngā ara ārahi, kātahi ka tāpirihia he hinu hinu ma ki ngā ara ārahi, ka nekehia ngā ara ārahi kia ōrite te tohatoha o te hinu hinu ma ki runga i ngā ara ārahi. (Kia mōhio: Kaua e whakamahi i te hinu hinu matotoru (hinu), he ngāwari ki te piri ngā para tukatuka me te puehu ki ngā ara ārahi, ka pakaru, ka pakaru hoki ngā reti me ngā ara ārahi);
Tikanga horoi i te tēpu mahi: Kei roto i te tēpu mahi te konutea-rino, te honikoma, te ngokingoki, te rīpene maripi me ētahi atu tēpu mahi. Tuatahi, horoia ngā para tukatuka i runga i te tēpu mahi. Mō te tēpu mahi ngokingoki, me tāpiri he hinu ārai-waikura ma ki te ngokingoki i ia ono marama hei rongoā ārai-waikura; kāore e hiahiatia ana e ētahi atu tēpu mahi. (Kia mahara: Kāore e taea te horoi i te tēpu mahi ki te wai, he ngāwari ki te waikura i te tēpu mahi, ā, ka tere ake te waikura o te tēpu mahi.)
2. Horoia te pā hau me te paipa hau i ia wā, i ia wā, kia mau tonu te ma;
Te tikanga horoi o te pā hau me te paipa hau: Ina nui te paoa me te puehu i te wā e tukatukahia ana, me horoi te pā hau. Whakatuwheratia te taupoki o waho o te pā hau, waruhia te puehu i runga i ngā mata o te pā hau me ngā awa hau ki te maramara rakau angiangi, kātahi ka pupuhihia te puehu ki te pū hau pēhanga teitei. He rite tonu te tikanga horoi o te paipa hau ki te pā hau.
(Kia mōhio: Kāore e taea e te wai te uru ki te paipa hau, ā, kāore e taea te toro atu ki ngā wāhi makuku, pērā i ngā waikeri.)
3. Horoia ngā tara whakamatao o te tāke wai i ia wā;
Te tikanga horoi o ngā tara whakamatao: Ko te kaupapa matua o ngā tara whakamatao he whakamarara i te wera o te rere o te wai i roto i te ngongo taiaho. Ka pā tika te ngoikore o te whakamararatanga wera ki te mana whakaputa taiaho, nō reira he mea tino nui te horoi i ngā tara whakamatao.
Tuatahi, tangohia te puehu o ngā tara whakamatao ki te paraihe, kātahi ka pupuhihia te hau ki roto i te pū hau pēhanga teitei ki te puna wai hei horoi hau, ā, hei whakamutunga, ringihia te wai horoi tara whakamatao hauhautanga ki runga i ngā tara whakamatao hei horoi, horoia ki te wai, whakamarokehia i mua i te whakamahinga.
4. Me pania te wāhanga tuku miihini o te taputapu ki te hinu kotahi i te marama;
Ngā ture tiaki mō te wāhanga tuku miihini o te taputapu: Kei roto i te wāhanga tuku miihini ngā wira tukutahi, ngā peera, ngā wira whatu, ngā tokotoko whatu, me ētahi atu. Ko te wāhanga matua e pania ana ki te hinu ko ngā peera. Me ārai te waikura i ngā wira tukutahi, ngā wira whatu, me ngā tokotoko whatu, ā, me tāpiri he hinu whakahinuhinu ma ki ngā peera hononga kotahi i te marama.
5. Me whakakapi te wai e rere ana i te wiki kotahi;
Ngā ture tiaki mō te wai e rere ana: Ko te mahi matua o te wai e rere ana ko te whakamarara i te wera mō te ngongo taiaho, e pā tika ana ki te kaha me te roa o te mahi o te ngongo taiaho. Me wai parakore te wai e rere ana, kia kore ai e ngawari te hanga unahi ki te pakitara o roto o te ngongo taiaho. Ina pōuri te wai, me whakakapi te wai e rere ana. Ko te nui o te wai e werohia ana kia 2/3 o te tāke wai, ā, me tāpiri he wai mēnā he iti iho i te 1/3, ki te kore ka pakaru te ngongo taiaho.
6. Mō ngā taputapu taiaho hou, me whakahaere te mana whakaputa taiaho i raro i te 80%;
7. Hei whakaroa i te roa o te mahi a te ngongo taiaho, me okioki mō te 10 meneti i muri i te mahi tonu mō te 5 hāora i mua i te mahi anō.
8. Te tiaki i te ngongo taiaho: Mō ngā taputapu taiaho hou, me whakahaere te mana whakaputa taiaho i raro i te 80%, nā te mea kua kī tonu te hau i roto i te ngongo taiaho hou, ā, mā te whakamahi i te tukatuka mana-teitei ka tere te paunga o te hau me te whakaiti i te roa o te mahi o te ngongo taiaho. Ko te take matua mō te okioki mō te 10 meneti i muri i te mahi tonu mō te 5 hāora, ko te mea ka piki ake te pāmahana o te ngongo taiaho i te mahi roa o te ngongo taiaho, ka hua ake he mana kore pumau me te ngoikore.
Te wā tuku: 27-Pepuere-2026
