Te Whakarewatanga Taiaho – Te Awe o ngā Tawhā Oscillation ki te Whakarewatanga Taiaho Aratau Mowhiti Whakarite (ARM) o ngā Koranu Konumohe

Te Whakarewatanga Taiaho – Te Awe o ngā Tawhā Oscillation ki te Whakarewatanga Taiaho Aratau Mowhiti Whakarite (ARM) o ngā Koranu Konumohe

1. Whakarāpopototanga

E rangahau ana tēnei rangahau i ngā pānga o te kaha me te auau o te oscillation ki te kounga o te mata, ngā hanganga nui me ngā hanganga moroiti, me te porosity o te aratau mowhiti whakarerekē (ARM).whakarewa rīhi-whakakorikoriPereti konumohe A5083. E whakaatu ana ngā hua, mā te pikinga ake o te kaha me te auau o te oscillation, ka pai ake te kounga o te mata whakarewa. I te pikinga ake o te kaha, ka huri te whakawhiti-wāhanga whakarewa mai i te āhua "kapu" ki te āhua "pewa". E whakaatu ana te tātari hanganga moroiti kāore te rahi o te kōpaka o te whakarewa e heke ana me te pikinga ake o te kaha me te auau o te oscillation nā te whakataetae i waenga i te pānga whakaoho me te whakahekenga o te tere whakamatao. Ka heke te porosity whakarewa me te pikinga ake o ngā tawhā oscillation, ka tae ki te porosity whakamutunga o te 0.22% ina 2 mm te kaha. Ka whakaū anō te tomography X-ray toru-ahu i te awe o te oscillation ki te tohatoha o ngā pore: ko ngā pore nui ka kohikohi i muri i te puna rewa, ko ngā pore iti e whakaatu ana i te ōritetanga pai ake. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei rangahau he māramatanga nui mō te arotau i ngā tawhā oscillation hei whakatutuki i te whakarewa laser kounga teitei i roto i ngā tono koranu konumohe A5083.

2 Papamuri Ahumahi

He māmā ngā koranu konumohe, he kaha motuhake, he ātete pai ki te waikura, ā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā ahumahi motuka, tereina tere, rererangi me ētahi atu ahumahi. He pai ngā painga o te whakarewa taiaho, he pai te mahi, he iti te rohe e pāngia ana e te wera, ā, he iti te whakarerekētanga o te hanganga whakarewa. Nō reira,He tikanga whakarewa ōhanga te whakarewa taiaho e tika ana mō ngā pereti matotoru, ka taea te whakaiti nui i te maha o ngā whitinga whakarewa. He hapa nui te porosity i roto i te whakarewa laser o ngā koranu konumohe, e tino pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga miihini o ngā hononga whakarewa. Nō reira, kua mahia he rangahau whānui hei whakaiti me te whakakore i te hanganga porosity, tae atu ki te arotau i te hau tiaki, te whakamahi i te hangarau hihi-rua, te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha hiko laser kua whakarerekētia, me te tango i ngā tikanga hihi hurihuri. Ko te hangarau whakarewa hurihuri laser e tu ana mō tōna kaha ki te whakakotahi i ngā painga o te whakarewa laser me ōna ake āhuatanga. Mā te whakamahi i te whakarewa hurihuri laser, ehara i te mea ka taea te whakaiti i te porosity engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te hanganga moroiti o te whakarewa me te whakarei ake i te kounga whakarewa. He maha ngā rangahau kua arotahi ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te whakarewa hurihuri laser, tae atu ki te whakaiti i te porosity, te arotau i te tohatoha pūngao, te whakatikatika i te hanganga witi, me te tautuhi i te rere rewa i roto i te puna rewa. He mea nui te tohatoha o te pūngao laser ki te tohatoha pāmahana me te hohonu o te urunga o te whakarewa laser. I tētahi whānuitanga o te oscillation, me te pikinga o te auau matawai, ka huri te tukanga whakarewa mai i te whakarewa urunga hohonu ki te whakarewa kore pumau, ā, i te mutunga ki te whakarewa kawe wera. E whakaatu ana ngā hua ka taea e te whakanui ake i te whānuitanga me te auau o te matawai te whakaiti i te porosity, engari ka whakaiti nui hoki i te hohonutanga o te urunga o te whakarewa, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā āhuatanga miihini o te whakarewa. I ngā tau tata nei, kua whakawhanakehia he taiaho aratau mowhiti whakarerekē (ARM), e wehewehe ana i te kaha taiaho ki roto i te matua he nui te kiato kaha me te mowhiti he iti te kiato kaha, e whai ana kia pumau te kōhao kī me te whakapai ake i te kounga whakarewa. Kua whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te whakarewa oscillating taiaho ARM ki te whakarewa i ngā koranu konumohe kaha-teitei 6xxx i raro i ngā ōwehenga mana matua/mowhiti me ngā whānui oscillation rerekē. E whakaatu ana ngā hua whakamātautau ko te mea matua e pā ana ki te āhua whakarewa ko te whānui oscillation, kaua ki te ōwehenga mana matua-mowhiti. Heoi, kāore anō kia rangahauhia te tohatoha kōhao me tōna tikanga aukati i raro i te superposition o te oscillation me te taiaho ARM. I roto i tēnei pepa, kua whakamahia he hangarau whakarewa oscillating taiaho ARM hou hei whakaiti i te porosity o te whakarewa, kia nui ake te hohonutanga me te kounga whakarewa pai ake. Ka mahia he rangahau whānui mō te tohatoha kaha taiaho, te whanonga hihiri puna rewa, me te hanganga moroiti i raro i ngā auau me ngā kaha oscillation rerekē.

3. Ngā Whāinga me ngā Tukanga Whakamātautau

I whakamahia te hangarau whakarewa porowhita-āmiomio laser hei whakarewa i ngā koranu konumohe. Ko te rauemi turanga (BM) he koranu konumohe 5083-O me ngā rahinga o te 300mm × 100mm × 5mm (roa × whānui × matotoru), ā, kei te ripanga tōna hanganga matū. I mua i te whakarewa, i whakakanapahia ngā tauira hei tango i te kiriata waikura o te mata, kātahi ka horoia ki te acetone i roto i te kaukau ultrasonic mō te 15 meneti hei tango i te hinu o te mata. Ko tepūnaha whakarewa taiahoKo te nuinga o ngā mea he karetao Kuka, he rēseri kōpae TruDisk 8001, me te matawai galvanometer PFO 3D. I whakamahia te rēseri kōpae TruDisk 8001 hei pūtake rēseri aratau mowhiti whakarerekē, me te ōwehenga matua/muka mowhiti o te 100/400 μm me te mana putanga mōrahi o te 8 kW (roa ngaru o te 1030 nm, tawhā kounga hihi o te 4.0 mm·rad). Ko te hihi rēseri he mea tito mai i te wāhanga matua me te wāhanga mowhiti, kei reira te rēseri i te wāhanga matua o waenganui e whakaputa ana i te kōhao kī (60% o te kaha rēseri), ā, mā te rēseri i te wāhanga mowhiti e whakarite he tohatoha pāmahana pai (40% o te kaha rēseri), e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia (b). Ko te roa arotahi o te collimator me te arotahi arotahi he 138 mm me te 450 mm, ia. I te wā o te tukanga whakarewa, i whakamahia he kāmera tere-teitei Phantom V1840 me te pūtake mārama auau-teitei Cavilux hei aroturuki i te tukanga whakarewa i te wā tūturu, me te tere pupuhi o te 5000 fps me te wā whakaatu o te 1 μs. I roto i tēnei rangahau, ko te ara o te wiri o te hihi porowhita, te ara nekehanga taiaho, me te tere inamata kua tautuhia e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia.

4 Ngā Hua me te Kōrero

4.1 Ngā Āhuatanga o te Āhua o te Whakarewa Kei te whakaatuhia ngā āhua o te mata whakarewa i raro i ngā momo wiri taiaho rerekē i roto i te pikitia. E whakaatu ana ngā hua he taratara te mata whakarewa o te whakarewa raina-tika (taratara o te 78.01 μm), me te kore haere tonu o ngā ngaru wiri me te kore e ranea te horapa o te whakarewa. I kitea anō hoki te korenga o te hanganga whakarewa, te nui o te ruirui, me te tapahi iti. I te pikinga ake o te kaha me te auau o te ruirui, ka puta he unahi ika matotoru me te ōrite i roto i te mata whakarewa. Ko te taratara o te mata o ngā whakarewa me ngā kaha ruirui o te 0.5 mm, 1 mm, me te 2 mm ko te 80.71 μm, 49.63 μm, me te 31.12 μm. Kāore he hapa, he pūweru rānei i puta mai i te ruirui. E whakaatu ana ngā hua he nui ake te auau ruirui ka nui ake te rere o te puna rewa, ka kaha ake te whakaoho o te hihi taiaho, ā, he pai ake te mata whakarewa. Ko te tikanga, ko te āhua o te whakarewa taiaho e pā ana ki te nekehanga o te hihi taiaho. I te wā e whakarewahia ana, ka whakarerekētia te tere whakarewa e ngā panonitanga o te kaha me te auau o te wiri, ā, ka pā ki te kiato pūngao raina me te katoa o te wera e whakaurua ana e te taiaho. Ko te āhua whakawhiti-wāhanga o te whakarewa he āhua "kapu", e rua ngā wāhanga: ko te wāhanga o raro ko te "kakau", ā, ko te wāhanga o runga ko te "peihana". Ko te hohonutanga o te urunga me te "kakau" e tautuhia ana ko H1 me H2, ia, ā, ko te whānui o te whakarewa ("peihana") me te "kakau" e tautuhia ana ko W1 me W2, ia. Ka piki haere te whānui o te whakarewa W1 me W2 i te wā kotahi me te pikinga o te kaha wiri, ā, ka huri haere te āhua whakarewa mai i te āhua "kapu" ki te āhua "pea". Ka puta te kiato pūngao taiaho mōrahi i te taupatupatu ara. Ki te whakataurite i ngā Pikitia (b, d) me (c, e), ka kitea ko te pikinga o te auau matawai ka whakanui ake i te rohe taupatupatu ara i te ara matawai, ka ōrite ake te tohatoha pūngao taiaho. Heoi, ko te whakaiti i te kiato pūngao mōrahi ka arahi ki te hekenga o te hohonutanga whakarewa.

4.2 Te Whanoke o te Puna Rewa Hei whakamārama i te awe o te ara matawai ki te whanonga o te puna rewa, i whakamahia he pūnaha kāmera tere-teitei hei tirotiro i te tukanga whanaketanga o te puna rewa me te kōhao kī. E whakaatu ana te Pikitia (a) i te tukanga whanaketanga o te puna rewa i raro i te ara rārangi-tika. Ko ngā Pikitia (bf) ngā hoahoa whanaketanga o te puna rewa i raro i ngā tawhā wiri rerekē. I te pikinga ake o te auau wiri me te kaha, ka porotaka ake te taha o muri o te puna rewa nā te whānui o te whānui o te puna rewa. I te pikinga ake o te roa o te puna rewa, ka heke te rerekētanga o te mata i puta mai i te pupuhi o te kōhao kī i te wā e horapa whakamuri ana. Nō reira, ka mārō, ka auau hoki te whakarewa wai rewa i te pito o muri o te puna rewa, ka hanga he unahi ika whakarewa ōrite, matotoru hoki. E whakaatu ana te pikitia i te huringa o te wāhi whakatuwheratanga kōhao kī i te wā e whakarewa ana i te taiaho, i ahu mai i ngā whakaahua whakaahua tere-teitei o te puna rewa. E ai ki te Pikitia (a), i te wā e whakarewa ana i te rārangi-tika, ka kitea ngā rerekētanga o te rahi o te whakatuwheratanga kōhao kī. He maha ngā wā i kitea ai te katinga o te kōhao kī (0 mm²), me te whānui o te horahanga o te kōhao kī he 0.47 mm². Mā te whakanui ake i te kaha o te oscillation ka taea hoki te whakaiti i ngā rerekētanga me te whakapai ake i te pumau. Nā te mea i roto i te whakarewa oscillation, he nui ake te ōwehenga o te pūngao ka tohatohahia ki ngā taha e rua. Nō reira, ka whānui te putanga o te kōhao kī, ā, ka piki ake te kaha o te oscillation, ka piki ake te horahanga o te whakatuwheratanga. Mā te whakanui ake i te kaha ka whānui ake te whānuitanga o te whakaoho o te hihi laser, ka hua ake te whānui o te radius o te nekehanga ā-wā o te kōhao kī. Nā te matotoru o te konganuku rewa me te pēhanga wai e mahi ana i te taha o te pakitara kōhao kī, ka puta te nekehanga o te au hurihuri i roto i te puna rewa whakarewa e tata ana ki te whakatuwheratanga o te kōhao kī. Mā te whānui ake o te rohe whakatuwheratanga o te kōhao kī ka whakanui ake i tōna pumau, ka karo i te hanganga o ngā mirumiru, ā, nō reira ka tino aukati i te porosity.

4.3 Hanganga Moroiti E whakaatu ana te ahua i te āhua EBSD o te wāhanga whakawhiti whakarewa i raro i ngā auau me ngā kaha o te wiri rerekē. Tata ki te rārangi hanumi o te whakarewa laser, ka tipu ngā pata dendrite poutū ki te pokapū whakarewa. E ai ki te Whakaahua (a), i waenganui i ngā rohe "peihana" me te "kakau", ka kitea ngā rerekētanga mārama o te tohatoha pata poutū. Ka tohatohahia ngā pata poutū i roto i te āhua-U i te taha o te pakitara "peihana", i te rohe "kakau", ka tohatohahia ngā pata poutū i roto i te āhua-U i te taha o te rārangi hanumi. I te wā e totoka ana te whakarewa, ko ngā pata kua totoka wāhanga i roto i te rohe hanumi ka mahi hei wāhi whakapūmau mō te mua totoka, ā, ka tipu poutū ki te rohe puna rewa i te taha o te pikinga pāmahana mōrahi. Ka puta tēnei āhuatanga nā te mea ko te kaha teitei o te laser ka hua ake te wera nui i roto i te puna whakarewa. Ko te pikinga wera teitei ake a G me te tere tipu ngawari a R ka nui ake a G/R i te paepae mō te huringa hanganga moroiti, ka hua ake te hanganga o ngā pata poutū. Ka heke te pikinga pāmahana G i te pokapū whakarewa, ka heke haere te ōwehenga G/R ki raro i te paepae whakawhiti hanganga moroiti, ka huri ki ngā kakano ōrite. Kei ngā wāhanga pokapū o te "peihana" me te "kakau" ngā kakano ōrite. Nā te mea he whaiti te "kakau" o te whakarewa, ā, he tata ki te rauemi turanga, ka totoka katoa i mua i te rohe "peihana" i te wā e whakamatao ana. Ko te wāhanga "kakau" kua totoka he wāhi pūngao i raro i te "peihana", e whakatairanga ana i te tipu ake o ngā kakano poutū. E whakaatu ana te ahua i ngā tukanga whakarewa raina-tika me te wiri. E whakaatuhia ana ko te huringa tonu o te tūranga hihi laser i roto i te whakarewa wiri laser ka whakanui ake i te roa o te puna rewa waenga, ka whakarewa anō i te konganuku kua totoka, ka hua ake he hekenga o te tere tipu kakano r. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te hekenga o te G/R i te rohe kakano ōrite o raro.

4.4 Te Tohatoha o te Porowhita I whakamahia te tomography X-ray toru-ahu hei tirotiro whānui i te whakarewa, kia whiwhi ai i te tohatoha toru-ahu o ngā pore i roto i te whakarewa, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia. Ka tatauhia te porowhita hei te tapeke o ngā pore i wehea ki te tapeke o te whakarewa. Mā te whakataurite i te āhua o te pore me te tohatoha o ngā whakarewa hurihuri reihi-tika me ngā whakarewa hurihuri reihi-porowhita, ka kitea he nui ake ngā pore nui o ngā whakarewa hurihuri reihi-tika, me te porowhita o te 2.49%, he nui ake i te porowhita.ngā whakarewa hurihuri laserMā te whakataurite i ngā Pikitia (b, c) me (d, e), ka kitea ko te whakanui ake i te auau o te oscillation ka āwhina i te aukati i te hanganga o ngā pore. Ki te whakataurite i ngā Pikitia (b, d) me (c, e), ka kitea ko te pikinga o te kaha o te oscillation he mea nui anō hoki ki te aukati i te hanganga o ngā pore. Ina whakanuia ake te kaha o te oscillation ki te 2 mm (Pikitia (f)), ka whakaitihia te pore ki te 0.22%, ka waiho ko ngā pore iti me ngā pore iti anake. E whakaatu ana te pikitia i te tohatoha o te horahanga o ngā pore i ngā tawhiti rerekē mai i te pokapū whakarewa, e tohu ana i te pore i runga i te rahi o te horahanga o ngā pore. Mō te whakarewa raina tika, ka tohatohahia te horahanga o ngā pore i te pokapū whakarewa, ā, ka heke haere i te pikinga o te tawhiti mai i te pokapū whakarewa. E whakaatu ana ngā hua ko ngā pore i puta mai i te kī-kōhao kei muri i te 后壁 o te puna rewa i te pokapū whakarewa. Mō te whakarewa oscillation laser, ka ngoikore haere te ōrite o te tohatoha o ngā pore. E whakaatu ana te pikitia i te horahanga o ngā pūwero i ngā tawhiti rerekē mai i te mata whakarewa, ko te rārangi whero te rohe i waenganui i ngā rohe "peihana" me te "kakau". Mō ngā pūwero nui matua (Ngā Pikitia (ac)), ko te horahanga o ngā pūwero i runga ake i te rohe he nui ake i te 85%. Nā te mea he nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti āhua i te rohe itudinal roa ki te hopu i ngā mirumiru i roto i te puna whakarewa, ā, ko ngā mirumiru kua mau ka heke ki runga i raro i te mana o te pūangi. Mō ngā pūwero iti matua (Ngā Pikitia (df)), kei roto ngā pūwero i te rohe i roto i te 0.5 mm i raro i te rārangi rohe. Ko te wā whakamatao poto me te nekehanga iti ki runga pea ngā take o tēnei āhuatanga.

5 Ngā Whakatau

(1) He mārama ngā pānga o ngā momo wiri taiaho rerekē ki te mata whakarewa. Ka taea e te kaha me te auau teitei ake te whakapai ake i te kounga o te mata, engari ko ngā tawhā wiri nui rawa ka taea te whakanui ake i te taratara me te puta he hapa kōpiko.

(2) Ko te āhua o te whakarewa ka whakatauhia e ngā tawhā wiri laser, e pā ana ki te tere o te whakarewa, te tohatoha pūngao, me te katoa o te wera e whakaurua ana. I te pikinga ake o te kaha wiri, ka huri te āhua o te whakarewa mai i te "kopu" ki te "taumata", ā, ka heke te ōwehenga āhua.

(3) I te pikinga ake o te kaha me te auau o te wiri, ka whānui ake te puna rewa, ā, ka porotaka te taha o muri. Ka whakanuia e te pānga wiri te roa o te puna rewa, he mea pai mō te putanga mirumiru me te whakapakeketanga ōrite. I te wā e whakarewa ana i te raina tika, ka rerekē te wāhi whakatuwheratanga o te kī; i te taha o te hononga, ka taea te whakaiti i tēnei rerekētanga, ka whakapai ake i te pumau o te whakarewa.

(4) Mā te whakanui ake i te kaha me te auau o te wiri ka whakaiti i te pikinga wera me te tere tipu, he mea pai tēnei mō te hanganga o ngā rahi kakano nui. Heoi, he pai te pānga whakaoho laser ki te whakapai ake i te rahi kakano me te whakapai ake i te kaha o te kakano. I raro i ngā tawhā laser rerekē, ka noho pumau tonu te pakeke o te whakarewa, he iti iho i te rauemi turanga, tera pea nā te ngaronga o te mimiti o te konupora.

(5) E whakaatu ana te tirotiro hihi-X-toru-ahu he nui ake te porosity o te whakarewa raina-tika (2.49%) me te nui ake o te rōrahi pore i te whakarewa hurihuri. Mā te whakanui ake i ngā tawhā hurihuri ka taea te whakaiti i te porosity, tae atu ki te 0.22% ina he 2 mm te whānui. Ka neke te tohatoha o te horahanga pore me te hurihuri: ka huihui ngā pore nui ki muri o te puna rewa, ā, he pai ake te ōrite o ngā pore iti. Ko ngā pore nui ka tohatohahia ki runga ake i te rohe i waenga i ngā rohe "peihana" me te "kakau", ko ngā pore iti ka kukū ki raro i te rohe.